Epidemics of enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) occurred in Taiwan since 1998. Infection with EV71 in children is associated with a wide range of severity, including hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD), encephalitis, acute flaccid paralysis, tachycardia, cardiopulmonary failure, and death. Here, we will introduce
(1) the epidemics, diagnosis and treatment of EV-A71 in Taiwan;
(2) the pathogenesis of EV-A71 in various immune deficient mouse models;
(3) the role of EV-A71 animal models in the application of vaccine and clinical study.